Effects of Mass Media Worksheet Essay

What were the major developments in the evolution of mass media during the 20th century?| The major developments in the evolution of mass media during the 20th century included the radio, television, and communication gadgetry, such as personal computers, cable TV, DVDs, DVRs, direct broadcast satellites, fax machines, cell phones, smartphones, and PDAs.For a large part of the 20th century, televisions and radios where stationary devices. More recently, devices such as, laptops, ipads, and smartphones allow people to view magazine articles, radio programs, songs, TV shows, and movies, from almost any location they want. On the Internet, multiple images, texts, and sounds are digitally reproduced and transmitted globally. These devices are constantly being update to provide consumers with the newest technologies possible. The Internet and social media, such as Facebook and e-mail are other large developments in the evolution of mass media. In fact, Facebook alone has more than 500 million users worldwide. Social media allows people from all over the world to connect through ongoing online conversations, share stories and interests, and to produce their own media content. This also gives people the choice to upload photos and homemade videos, and share them with others around the world.The media convergence has allowed media marketers to consolidate multiple media services such as, cable connections, phone services, television transmissions, and Internet access, under one corporate umbrella. For example, when a company owns more than on media outlet they can have a reporter or producer to create multiple different versions of the same story for multiple media outlets. This helps companies to manage resources and maximize profits. How did each development influence American culture?| The rapid development of cable television and the Internet have caused traditional leaders in communication to lose some of their control o ver information. For example, ABC, CBS, and NBC lost some of their audience to other networks, like MTV, CNN, MSNBC, Fox News, Comedy Central, and radio talk shows. Internet Bloggers have become a large factor in the news as well because blogging allows anyone to speak  their mind at any time. The Internet and social media are changing the ways in which we absorb and interact with the media culture. Sending letters through the mail has, to some, become a thing of the past, as e-mail has become the quickest way to send communication to one person or a group of people in a matter of seconds. In addition, several repressive and totalitarian regimes have had difficulties with controlling messages sent through the borderless Internet.Along with these types of developments, we have also seen differences in the types of content that is put on news shows, television shows, video games, radio shows, and the Internet. From personal problems to dangerous stunts, this type of content has consumers worried about the overwhelming amount of information now available. Research indicates that there is a connection between aggression in children and violent games and entertainment shows. According to Campbell (2012), â€Å"children, who watch nearly forty thousand TV commercials each year, are particularly vulnerable to marketers selling junk, food, toys, and â€Å"cool† clothing†. The evolution of mass media has come a long way, but it plays a controversial role in society. | Resource Campbell, R., Martin, C.R., & Fabos, B (2012) Media & culture: An introduction to mass communication (8th.) New York, NY: Bedford/St. Martin’s.

1 Problem 20 Beyond Essay

1 Problem 20 Beyond Essay 1 Problem 20 Beyond Essay Chapter 1 the equity method of accounting for investments 20. (10 minutes) (Reporting of equity income and transfers) a. Equity in investee income: Equity income accrual ($100,000 Ãâ€" 25%) $25,000 Less: deferral of intra-entity unrealized gross profit (below) (3,000) Less: patent amortization (given) (10,000) Equity in investee income $12,000 Deferral of intra-entity unrealized gross profit: Remaining inventory- end of year $32,000 Gross profit percentage (GP $30,000 à · Sales $80,000) Ãâ€" 37 ½% Profit within remaining inventory $12,000 Ownership percentage Ãâ€" 25% Intra-entity unrealized gross profit $ 3,000 b. In 2015, the deferral of $3,000 will likely become realized by BuyCo’s use or sale of this inventory. Thus, the equity accrual for 2015 will be increased by $3,000 in that year. Recognition of this amount is simply being delayed from 2014 until 2015, the year actually earned. c. The direction (upstream versus downstream) of the intra-entity transfer does not affect the above answers. However as discussed in Chapter Five, a controlling interest calls for a 100% gross profit deferral for downstream intra-entity transfers. In the presence of only signification influence, however, equity method accounting is identical regardless of whether an intra-entity transfer is upstream or downstream. 21. (25 minutes) (Conversion from fair-value method to equity method with a subsequent sale of a portion of the investment) Equity method income accrual for 2015 30 percent of $644,000 for  ½ year = $ 96,600 24 percent of $644,000 for  ½ year = 77,280 Total income accrual (no amort. or unearned gross profit) $173,880 Gain on sale (below) 31,000 Total income statement effect – 2015 $204,880 Gain on sale of 9,000 shares of Marion: Cost of initial acquisition- 2013 $435,000 10% income accrual (conversion made to equity method) 35,900 10% of dividends (10,700) Cost of second acquisition- 2014 1,000,000 30% income accrual- 2014 150,300 30% of dividends- 2014 (39,750) 30% income accrual for  ½ year- 2015 96,600 30% of dividends for  ½ year- 2015 (22,350) Book value of 45,000 shares on July 1, 2015 $1,645,000 Cash proceeds from the sale: 9,000 shares Ãâ€" $40 $360,000 Less: book value of shares sold: $1,645,000 Ãâ€" (9,000 à · 45,000) 329,000 Gain on sale $ 31,000 22. (25 minutes) (Verbal overview of equity method, includes conversion to equity method) a. In 2014, the fair-value method (available-for-sale security) was appropriate. Thus, the only income recognized was the dividends declared. Collins should originally have reported dividend income equal to 10 percent of Merton’s dividends. b. The assumption is that Collins’ level of ownership now provides the company with the ability to exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of Merton. Factors that indicate such a level of influence are described in the textbook and include representation on the investee’s board of directors, material intra-entity transactions, and interchange of managerial personnel. 22. (continued) c. Despite holding 25 percent of Merton’s outstanding stock, application of the equity method is inappropriate absent the ability to apply significant influence. Factors that indicate a lack of such influence include: an agreement whereby the owner surrenders significant rights, a concentration of the remaining ownership, and failure to gain representation on the board of directors. d. The equity method attempts to reflect the relationship between the investor and the investee in two ways. First, the investor recognizes investment income as soon as it is earned by the investee. Second, the Investment account reported by the investor is increased and decreased to indicate changes in the underlying book value of the investee. e. Criticisms of the equity

ETHICS AND PERSONAL RESPONSIBILITY IN LEGAL PRACTICE essays

ETHICS AND PERSONAL RESPONSIBILITY IN LEGAL PRACTICE essays In the decades following the Nazi Holocaust of World War II, endeavored to understand the psychology behind mass acceptance of and in large-scale moral atrocities. In 1967, Burt Ross' controversial "Wave" into group identification and blind obedience using high school students to offer insight into Nazi Germany. In 1972, Stanley Milgram designed a (filmed) experiments at Yale University, which dramatically illustrated the susceptibility of otherwise "normal" individuals to perpetrate brutality was ever conducted on the post-war German population, for whom the was initially intended (Luban, p.97). Almost simultaneously, in 1971, Philip Zimbardo conducted another (filmed) experiments at Stanford University that were originally designed investigate the effects of captivity. Unexpectedly, they revealed dramatic relating to the intoxicating power of authority and the acceptance of behavioral realities that had to be terminated very prematurely for the and emotional well being of some of the subjects. Indeed, Zimbardo was so concerned about potential long term psychological trauma from the study maintained regular, periodic consultations with the participants for afterwards. Zimbardo's famous experiment involved the creation of a using undergraduates assigned randomly to be prisoners and prison guards. Under subsequent analysis, the revelations of all these pioneering the roles played by agency, authority, obedience, corruption of judgment, cognitive dissonance theory in human behavior suggest that as many as two- the human population is capable of accepting and participating in horrific conduct under the right circumstances and external influences. The also consistent with the findings of Hannah Arendt (Luban, p.104) who the notorious Nazi war criminal Adolph Eichmann prior to his execution in Israel. In the everyday practice of law, these principles regularly in...

King Corn Movie Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

King Corn Movie - Essay Example The film presents the revolution that has occurred in the process of farming, whereby the tractor has replaced the use of horses to pull the plow. In this case, the tractor is one of the equipments that have been introduced in the process of farming. Some of the other aspects in farming, which are discussed in this documentary, regards the decision by the government to subsidies the corn in order to keep their price low. Essentially, the small farmers were offered a low chance of expanding, thereby leading to significant changes u the quality of corn over the years. Besides, most of the production of corn had been used as for feeding animals and production of corn syrup, which has nutritional quality in the manufacture of foods high in a variety of starch. Therefore, the new variety of corn that was introduced could not be consumed before being possessed; thus farmers were no longer able to consume the products that they were growing. Some of major problems presented in film involved the growing and production of crops that are not consumable by farmers until they processed. In this case, there was a large area in Iowa, where corn was grown on a large track of land, and this was longer there by the time Ian Cheney and Curtis Ellis were undertaking their experiment. Apparently, as the farmers continued to understand the problem of growing corn for being inedible until processing; hence, they decided stop growing the crop. On the other hand, there was another problem, which involved the crop being stripped of vital nutrients as a result of genetic engineering in order to facilitate increased populations of the crop. In this case, there... The paper tells about the story in which two college graduates Ian Cheney and Curtis Ellis argues that they have identified the significance of consuming corn. This leads to curiosity of travelling in search for a way they could grow corn. However, they both trace their ancestry at a small town of Iowa, and they made a decision to lease an acre of land, which could enable them undertake their experiment. In this case, the movie explains that some families had the same piece of land, and there was an aspect of chance from the crop size due to the establishment of merchandise farming and degradation of product quality. Therefore, their experiment and documentary portrayed an aspect of change and the perception towards corn. Some of major problems presented in film involved the growing and production of crops that are not consumable by farmers until they processed. In this case, there was a large area in Iowa, where corn was grown on a large track of land, and this was longer there by the time Ian Cheney and Curtis Ellis were undertaking their experiment. The film presents ideas that corn is the process into various products such as a sweetener and ethanol, animal feeds, and the corn syrup, which is consumed by most of the Americans in the present days. Finally, Cheney and Ellis realized that their acre was untraceable due to the magnitude of the corn industry; in fact, this proofed that government subsidies play a significant role in ensuring that corn production remains profitable.

Agenda - Disparities and access to healthy food in the United States Essay

Agenda - Disparities and access to healthy food in the United States - Essay Example On the other hand, the healthy foods are very expensive compared to the unhealthy ones leading people to opt for the cheaper food and especially in the hard economic times (Smith, et al. 2013). This disparity in access to healthy food in the nation needs to be addressed immediately if the mortality rates from unhealthy eating habits are to reduce. This issue is more important than other agendas as it is in regards to the survival of human beings. Humans need food in order to live, be healthy enough to work as well as to reproduce. Without the necessary balanced diet food for every individual in the nation, the productivity will reduce and mortality will increase as has been established above. A nation cannot be built when people are unhealthy and if this agenda is not taken seriously and overlooked, then the economy of the nation will start plummeting. The issue is not about food scarcity as per se but rather about healthy foods such as fruits and vegetables which are available in the grocery stores. The ones being sold in supermarkets are organic in nature and not many Americans can be able to afford them. When people fail to afford, it means their access is curtailed and the other option is to purchase the unhealthy food that is cheaper and accessible (Smith, et al. 2013). Support for the agenda is needed to not only reduce the disparity but the access to healthy food as well. The support can be structural or economic and can be offered by the government which has a lot of influence as well as work in conjunction with the private sector which has more resources. The support to reduce and completely eliminate the issue of disparity as well as access to healthy foods is a joint effort. The government alone cannot be able to support the issue on its own. Farmers need to be encouraged to grow more of these healthy foods to curb the demand (Larson, Story and Nelson, 2009). With the supply being in plenty,

Reflection Journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Reflection Journal - Essay Example it comes to understanding corporal social responsibility and corporate citizenship, I must find the elusive answers on how the two concepts relate to the business and society fields. The society fields in this case entails business ethics, stakeholder management, sustainability and growth delivery. This paper gives a personal reflection on corporate social responsibility and corporate citizenship. It is true that corporate social responsibility of an organization is driven by philanthropic aspects such as the commitment to promote or improve the livelihoods of workers and people in a given community. The philanthropic aspects are summarized as a pyramid of corporal social responsibility through moral management of the stakeholders of the organization. However, over years the corporate executives have faced challenges in implementing corporate social responsibility to the society. According to Caroll (1991, p. 40), the economic, legal, ethical and philanthropic expectations have become unattainable in the society and might be considered as a pyramid. This is because the organizations only give credit to ethical and philanthropic functions. However, all the four aspects require close attention since they play various roles in ensuring the organization gives corporal social responsibility is achieved in the society. For the organization to achieve its objectives of reaching out to the society, it should implement the four aspects in the following ways. One of the major aspects to be considered should be the philanthropic responsibilities. Therefore, I propose that each executive member should encourage corporate social responsibility by being a good corporate citizen that contributes resources to the community. Secondly, the executives should adopt ethical responsibilities that consider one to be ethical and bear the responsibility to do the right things and avoid any harm to the society. Also, one should have the legal responsibility of obeying the laws provided

Unbending Gender Essay Example for Free

Unbending Gender Essay Domesticity is a â€Å"gender system† that delineates organization of market work and family work and the â€Å"gender norms that justify, sustain, and reproduce that organization†. This is how Joan Williams defined domesticity in her book entitled Unbending Gender: Why Family and Work Conflict and What to Do about It. Domesticity arose in the nineteenth century and it still remains entrenched in many forms in American Society today. This way of life separated market work and family work in both space and time. It sets up a system that market work is the realm of men while women are delegated to the sphere of â€Å"home making† and â€Å"parenting†. As a gender system, domesticity has two defining characteristics, Williams wrote. The first is that â€Å"organization of market work around the ideal of a worker who works full time and overtime and takes little or no time off for childbearing or child rearing†. The ideal workers in this system are those that can work full time, or in most cases with plenty of overtime. â€Å"Caregivers† or those assigned to the childbearing and rearing (women) cannot, therefore, perform as ideal workers given this structure. Thus the second defining characteristic of this system is â€Å"providing for caregiving by marginalizing caregivers, cutting them off from most of the social roles that offer responsibility and authority† (Williams, 1). This system of structuring market work and family work sustains the ideology of the defined roles of men and women. Men, who are supposedly aggressive and highly motivated, â€Å"naturally† belong to the market work. Women characterized as weak and soft belong to the home. Men provide for the needs of the family, taking very little time to participate in child rearing, leaving this mostly to women. This structure perpetuates the gender norms that define the role and performance of men as â€Å"breadwinner†, and women as â€Å"homemakers†. Before the nineteenth century market work and family work is the not isolated from each other. The rise of industries, businesses, and professionals, however, also created a new definition of the American middle class. It also brought forth new ideology about the home that arose from the new attitudes toward work and family. In article The Cult of Domesticity and True Womanhood the new middle class family is said to be different from the preindustrial family that may partly be the roots of this new ideology. These are: 1. A nineteenth-century middle-class family did not have to make what it needed in order to survive. Men could work in jobs that produced goods or services while their wives and children stayed at home. 2. When husbands went off to work, they helped create the view that men alone should support the family. Men belong in the public sphere or the world of work, and a woman’s place is the private sphere or home. 3. The middle-class family came to look at itself and at the nuclear family in general, as the backbone of society. (From The Cult of Domesticity and True Womanhood) The emergence of the market economy separated work away from home. Unlike before, the home is no longer seen as an economic unit in the community but rather as a self-contained unit separated the â€Å"rough world† of work. This new order of things created gender norms especially on women’s performance of duties as homemakers. They are expected to create a special place, â€Å"a refuge from the world where her husband could escape from the highly competitive, unstable, immoral world of business and industry†. Dubbed as the â€Å"Cult of Domesticity†, it espoused that True Women cultivate four virtues: piety, purity, submissiveness and domesticity. The virtue of piety is based on the belief that women are more religious than men. Religion is within the women’s sphere. Modern young women of the nineteenth century were also expected exercise purity in words, thoughts and deeds. Woman’s sexual purity is highly valued. Virginity is seen as the greatest treasure that a woman can bestow on her husband. Good women are also expected to keep in control men’s sexual needs and desires. The natural order of things also requires women to be submissive to fate, to duty, to God and to men. The Young Ladies Book summarized the passive virtues necessary in women: â€Å"It is certain that in whatever situation of life a woman is placed from her cradle to her grave, a spirit of obedience and submission, pliability of temper, and humility of mind are required of her† (qtd. In The Cult of Domesticity and True Womanhood).